The Effect of Working Hours on Occupational Health and Safety Mediated by Work Stress: A Study on Grab Drivers in Kuningan City

Authors

  • Rifky ALFIANSYAH Gunung Jati Swadaya University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61857/jsscs.v1i1.40

Keywords:

Working Hours, Work Stress, Occupational Health , Safety Grab

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the impact of working hours on the occupational health and safety of online transportation drivers mediated by work-related stress. The research was conducted to reduce the number of accidents involving online transportation drivers. This research employs associative quantitative research based on data that can be calculated to produce an evaluation. Eighty internet transportation drivers in Kuningan City were given questionnaires to complete to gather primary data. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) for model and hypothesis testing with PLS 3.0 statistical software. The results indicate that working hours and stress significantly affect employee occupational safety and health. Additionally, working hours impact work stress. This study found that work stress may mediate the impact of working hours on occupational health and safety. Injuries or illnesses sustained at work may result from the stress experienced by driver-partners due to long working hours. The study's findings can help Grab and other online drivers organize their working hours to reduce work-related stress and, ideally, maintain safety.

References

Amoadu, M., Ansah, E. W., & Sarfo, J. O. (2024). Psychosocial work factors affecting safety incidents of long-distance bus drivers in Ghana: Mediating role of psychological well-being. Heliyon, 10(5), e26878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26878

Bannai, A., & Tamakoshi, A. (2014). The association between long working hours and health: A systematic review of epidemiological evidence. In Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health (Vol. 40, Issue 1, pp. 5–18). https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3388

Barati, M., Taheri-Kharameh, Z., Farghadani, Z., & Rásky, É. (2019). Validity and reliability evaluation of the persian version of the heart failure-specific health literacy scale. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 7(3), 222–230. https://doi.org/10.30476/IJCBNM.2019.44997

Bawa, M. S., & Srivastav, M. (2013). Study the epidemiological profile of taxi drivers in the background of occupational environment, stress and personality characteristics. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 17(3), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5278.130855

Beigi, M., Nayyeri, S., & Shirmohammadi, M. (2022). Steering wheels to make ends meet: Understanding stressors and coping strategies among app-based taxi drivers in Tehran. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103782

Bengngu, A., Amtiran, P. Y., & Fanggidae, R. E. (2019). Impact of Part Time, Flextime and Reward on Productivity (Case Study on Grab Online Transportation Partners in Kupang City). Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research.

Burke, M. J., Salvador, R. O., Smith-Crowe, K., Chan-Serafin, S., Smith, A., & Sonesh, S. (2011). The dread factor: How hazards and safety training influence learning and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(1), 46–70. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021838

Chin, W. W. (1988). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. Advances in Hospitality and Leisure · , 277–319. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311766005

Chu, M. Y., Law, T. H., Hamid, H., Law, S. H., & Lee, J. C. (2022). Examining the effects of urbanization and purchasing power on the relationship between motorcycle ownership and economic development: A panel data. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 11(1), 72–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtst.2020.12.004

Ferdinand, A. (2002). Structural Equation Modelling dalam Penelitian Manajemen. . Universitas Diponegoro.

Francis, F., Möller, J., Moshiro, C., Kiwango, G., Yngve, B. H., & Hasselberg, M. (2023). Associations and mediators between types of motorcycle ownership and road traffic injuries among motorcycle taxi drivers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Safety Science, 162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106094

Ge, Y., Qu, W., Jiang, C., Du, F., Sun, X., & Zhang, K. (2014). The effect of stress and personality on dangerous driving behavior among Chinese drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 73, 34–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.024

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). European Journal Of Tourism Research, 211–213.

Hair, Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107–123.

Havârneanu, C. E., Măirean, C., & Popuşoi, S. A. (2019). Workplace stress as predictor of risky driving behavior among taxi drivers. The role of job-related affective state and taxi driving experience. Safety Science, 111, 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.07.020

Heberle, S. M., Lorini, C., Rosa, M. S. G., & Barros, N. (2019). Evaluation of bus driver exposure to nitrogen dioxide levels during working hours. Atmospheric Environment, 216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116906

Hege, A., Perko, M., Johnson, A., Yu, C. H., Sönmez, S., & Apostolopoulos, Y. (2015). Surveying the Impact of Work Hours and Schedules on Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Sleep. Safety and Health at Work, 6(2), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2015.02.001

Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382

Icasiano, C. D. A., & Taeihagh, A. (2021). Governance of the Risks of Ridesharing in Southeast Asia: An In-Depth Analysis. Sustainability, 13(11), 6474. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116474

Jakobsen, M. D., Glies Vincents Seeberg, K., Møller, M., Kines, P., Jørgensen, P., Malchow-Møller, L., Andersen, A. B., & Andersen, L. L. (2023). Influence of occupational risk factors for road traffic crashes among professional drivers: systematic review. Transport Reviews, 43(3), 533–563. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2022.2132314

Jaydarifard, S., Behara, K., Baker, D., & Paz, A. (2023). Driver fatigue in taxi, ride-hailing, and ridesharing services: a systematic review. Transport Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2023.2278446

Johnson, J. V., & Lipscomb, J. (2006). Long working hours, occupational health and the changing nature of work organization. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 49(11), 921–929. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20383

Kinnunen-Amoroso, M., & Liira, J. (2016). Work-related stress management between workplace and occupational health care. Work, 54(3), 507–515. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-162317

Lukas, L., Suoth, L. F., & Wowor, R. (2019). HUBUNGAN ANTARA SUHU LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN JAM KERJA DENGAN STRES KERJA di PT. ADHI KARYA (PERSERO) TBK UNIT MANADO PROYEK UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI. Jurnal KESMAS, 7(4).

M. Siahaan, A., N. Siahaan, M. D., H. Sianipar, V., & Simanjuntak, O. (2020). Analysis of Full Time Driver Grab Income Comparison and City Minimum Wage (Case Study in Medan City). International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.51386/25815946/ijsms-v3i6p108

Natiqiyah, A. N., & Idris. (2022). PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN WAKTU KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA MITRA GRAB DI PALU. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Universitas Tadulako, 8(2), 133–139.

Pahlevi, R. (2022, May 27). Dari Mana Saja Sumber Pendapatan Grab? Databoks.Katadata.Co.Id.

Persaud H, & Williams S. (2017). Long Working Hours and Occupational Stress-related Illness and Injury: Mini Review. J Health Sci Educ, 1(3), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.0000/JHSE.1000115

Poó, F. M., Ledesma, R. D., & López, S. S. (2018). The taxi industry: working conditions and health of drivers, a literature review. Transport Reviews, 38(3), 394–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2017.1370035

Pradana, R. S. (2023, October 10). Jam Kerja Ojek Online Bakal Dibatasi, Driver Protes ke Kemenaker . EKONOMI.

Ramadani, K. D. (2021). HUBUNGAN JAM KERJA DAN STATUS KESEHATAN PEKERJA DI INDONESIA. Kesehatan Masyarakat) Khatulistiwa, 8(1), 33–43. http://openjurnal.unmuhpnk.ac.id/index.php/JKMK?page=index

Rivera, A. S., Akanbi, M., O’Dwyer, L. C., & McHugh, M. (2020). Shift work and long work hours and their association with chronic health conditions: A systematic review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses. PLoS ONE, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231037

Robbin, P. S. (2006). Perilaku Organisasi, Konsep, Kontroversi, dan Aplikasi. (6th ed.). PT. Bhuana.

Rudyarti, E. (2021). PENGARUH STRES KERJA TERHADAP KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT X. Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Health, 5(2), 13. https://doi.org/10.21111/jihoh.v5i2.4654

Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2017). Treating Unobserved Heterogeneity in PLS-SEM: A Multi-method Approach. In: Latan, H., Noonan, R. (eds) Partial Least Squares Path Modeling. Springer Champ.

Statista. (2022, October 21). Number of fatalities and work-related injuries of Gojek from 2019 to 2020. Statista Research Department.

Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian. Alfabeta.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. . Alfabeta. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=id&user=MGOs5rkAAAAJ&citation_for_view=MGOs5rkAAAAJ:yD5IFk8b50cC

Tulhusnah, L., & Puryantoro. (2018). Pengaruh Jam Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Stres Kerja Karyawan di Kantor Kecamatan Kapongan Kabupaten Situbondo. Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah , 1(2).

WONG, I. S., DAWSON, D., & VAN DONGEN, H. P. A. (2019). International consensus statements on non-standard working time arrangements and occupational health and safety. Industrial Health, 57(2), 135–138. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.57_202

Zahara, M., Sinaga, A. H., & Dalimunthe, R. F. (2023). THE INFLUENCE OF COMPENSATION AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ON ONLINE OJEK DRIVER PERFORMANCE PRODUCTIVITY IN MEDAN CITY (Study of Go-Jek, Grab, and Maxim Online Ojek Drivers). Strategic Management Business Journal, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.55751/smbj.v3i02.83

Downloads

Published

30-11-2023